This test was first developed in 1939 by clinical psychologist Starke Hathaway and neuropsychiatrist J.C.

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is probably the most widely used multidimensional tool to help diagnose mental health disorders. Scholars have observed unfair racial disparities in scoring the test, and others argue that some of the scales are not scientifically valid. Nevertheless, it does not come without its criticisms. The MMPI-2 is one of the most widely used psychological tools – from treatment plans and the hiring process to law enforcement and marital counseling.However, there is also a content scale to help provide insight into specific types of symptoms and many other supplemental scales to help increase the validity of this tool. The clinical and validity scales are the two key scales used by clinicians when administering the MMPI.The second version is the MMPI-2 which was introduced in 1990 and contained around 567 items. This test currently has two versions in operation, the original being the MMPI which was developed during the 1940s and is still in use.McKinley, there have been several revised versions, including one for adolescents. Since it was first developed in 1939 by Starke Hathaway and J.C.It is administered by a trained psychologist or mental health professional who relies upon ten clinical scales to diagnose a patient with mental health or other clinical issues.The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a psychological instrument to assess personality traits and different forms of psychopathology.

Mmpi validity and reliability